Task Status
This page is part of the ongoing SWIM communities of interest discussions. The content is working material. It should not be treated as final as it is still subject to review, comment and change.
This page holds the discussion on the information aspects of the service. It focuses on:
- understanding the information offered by the service (information definition)
- the filtering offered by the service.
Explanation
The information definition is extracted from the ATM Information Reference Model (https://airm.aero/). The AIRM is the ICAO endorsed reference vocabulary for defining air traffic management information. This means that the information definition is not just a copy of the IWXXM. However, service implementers who chose IWXXM can be assured that the semantic correspondences have been established (https://airm.aero/developers/semantic-correspondences).
The image below presents a simplified overview of the content of the information definition. It include:
- metadata e.g. location, validity and traceability information
- information concerning weather phenomena
- information concerning weather conditions
Information Definition
identification
| title | Aviation Meteorological Information Definition |
|---|---|
| edition | 00.01.00 |
| date | 2023-10-03 |
responsible party
organisation name | EUROCONTROL |
|---|---|
| contact information | swim@eurocontrol.int |
| role | author |
scope
| abstract | The information definition covers the elements used by the various Meteorological SWIM services. |
|---|
namespace
| namespace | tbd |
|---|
licence
BSD Licence
Copyright (c) 2023, EUROCONTROL
=====================================
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the names of EUROCONTROL nor the names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this specification without specific prior written permission.
THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
==========================================
Editorial note: this license is an instance of the BSD license template as
provided by the Open Source Initiative:
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
=====================================
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the names of EUROCONTROL nor the names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this specification without specific prior written permission.
THIS SPECIFICATION IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR
CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
==========================================
Editorial note: this license is an instance of the BSD license template as
provided by the Open Source Initiative:
http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
data catalogue
This section of the information definition deals with the metadata.
Location
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Location | Location | Geographical location used to express the geographical scope of a data. Note: Location is the root for Aerodrome, Airspace and State | urn:aero:airm:1.1.0:LogicalModel:Abstract:GeoEnabledEntity@relativeLocation |
Aerodrome
Inherits from Location.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aerodrome | Aerodrome | A defined area on land or water (including any buildings, installations and equipment) intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure and surface movement of aircraft. | |||
| Aerodrome | designator | string [0..1] | Aerodrome.designator | Designator for an aerodrome. | |
| Aerodrome | locationIndicatorICAO | Aerodrome.locationIndicatorICAO | A four-letter code group formulated in accordance with rules prescribed by ICAO and assigned to the aerodrome. | ||
| Aerodrome | designatorIATA | string [0..1] | Aerodrome.designatorIATA | Identifier that is assigned to a location in accordance with rules (resolution 767) governed by the International Air Transport Association (IATA). | |
| Aerodrome | name | string | Aerodrome.name | Primary official name of an aerodrome as designated by an appropriate authority. |
Airspace
Inherits from Location.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Airspace | Airspace | A defined three dimensional region of space relevant to air traffic. | |||
| Airspace | designator | string | Airspace.designator | Published sequence of characters allowing the identification of the airspace. | |
| Airspace | name | string [0..1] | Airspace.name | Name given to an airspace by a responsible authority. | |
| Airspace | type | CodeAirspaceType [0..1] | Airspace.type | Indicator of the general structure or characteristics of a particular airspace. |
State
Inherits from Location.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
State | State | An internationally recognized geographic entity that provides air traffic service. | |||
| State | icaoNationalityLetters | string [0..1] | State.icaoNationalityLetters | Nationality letters as defined by ICAO. | |
| State | isoCountryCode | string [0..1] | State.isoCountryCode | Country codes as defined by ISO. | |
| State | name | string | State.name | Full official name of the state. | |
| State | territory | string [0..1] | State.territory | Name of the territory within the state. |
Organisation Responsible
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifier of MET provider... | |||||
| source | Name of entity or organisation that supplied data. | urn:aero:airm:1.1.0:LogicalModel:Abstract:TemporalEnabledEntity@source |
Position of Observation, Forecast
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| position | The geometry of the entity expressed as the position of a point on the surface of the Earth. | urn:aero:airm:1.1.0:LogicalModel:Abstract:GeoEnabledEntity@position |
Temporal
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| This is part of the message metadata - observation time, validity of forecast | |||||
| endValidity | Date and time at which the data contained in the entity state ceases to be effective. | urn:aero:airm:1.1.0:LogicalModel:Abstract:TemporalEnabledEntity@endValidity | |||
| startValidity | Date and time at which the data contained in the entity state starts to be effective. | urn:aero:airm:1.1.0:LogicalModel:Abstract:TemporalEnabledEntity@startValidity | |||
| lastRevision | Date and time when the data was last revised. | urn:aero:airm:1.1.0:LogicalModel:Abstract:TemporalEnabledEntity@lastRevision |
This section of the information definition concerns the weather conditions.
WeatherCondition
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WeatherCondition | Weather observations or forecast for an area of interest. Note: This is the root for the various aviation conditions: AerodromeCondition. | ||||
| analysisTime | DateTime | The time at which the forecast or observation process starts. | |||
| changeIndicator | CodeChangeIndicatorType | Indication about the type of meteorological conditions changes. | |||
| confidence | Quality of trusting for a forecast expressed as a percentage. | ||||
| hasNoSignificantWeather | Indication that no specified en-route weather phenomena which may affect the safety of aircraft operations is occurring or expected to occur. | ||||
| probability | Relative likelihood of a forecast expressed as a percentage. | ||||
| type | CodeWeatherConditionType | The type of weather condition being reported. | |||
| weatherInformationSource | WeatherInformationSource | The weather information source. | |||
| contour | Contour | A contour used to outline a particular weather situation within the forecast or observation. | |||
| phenomenon | WeatherPhenomenon | The phenomenon of relevance for the weather condition. |
WeatherInformationSource
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WeatherInformationSource | WeatherInformationSource | An automated or non-automated weather information source. | |||
| isAltimeterInformationProvided | WeatherInformationSource.isAltimeterInformationProvided | Indicates whether the weather source provides altimeter information. | |||
isWeatherStation | WeatherInformationSource.isWeatherStation | Indicator that the source is a weather station. | |||
| x |
Contour
applicability: En-route significant weather only.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contour | An estimated or observed outline of a particular weather situation. | ||||
| contourValue | Measure | The value of the measure that applies to that contour. For example a pressure chart could have contours where each contour line represents a specific pressure value, this could be sorted in the contourValue. |
AviationCondition
Inherits from WeatherCondition.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AviationCondition | Weather observations and or forecast for a specific aeronautical location or airspace volume. | ||||
| airPressure | Force per unit area exerted into a surface by the weight of air above that surface. | ||||
| airTemperature | The temperature indicated by a thermometer exposed to the air in a place sheltered from direct solar radiation. | ||||
| dewpointTemperature | The temperature to which a given air parcel must be cooled at constant pressure and constant water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. | ||||
| maximumAirTemperature | The maximum air temperature. | ||||
| maximumAirTemperatureTime | The time of the occurrence of the maximum air temperature. | ||||
| minimumAirTemperature | The minimum air temperature. | ||||
| minimumAirTemperatureTime | The time of the occurrence of the minimum air temperature. | ||||
| relativeHumidity | At a given pressure and temperature, the percentage ratio of the gram-molecular weight of the water vapour to the gram-molecular weight that the air would have if it were saturated with respect to water at the same pressure and temperature. | ||||
| verticalVisibility | Maximum distance at which an observer can see and identify an object on the same vertical as himself, above or below. | ||||
| ceiling | Meteorological information about the tropopause. | ||||
| horizontalVisibility | The greatest horizontal distance at which selected objects can be seen, identified, and/or measured with instrumentation. |
AerodromeCondition
Inherits from AviationCondition.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AerodromeCondition | Weather observations and or forecast for an aerodrome | ||||
| cavok | Boolean | Visibility, cloud and present weather better than prescribed values or conditions. | |||
| qfe | ValPressureType | Atmospheric pressure at aerodrome elevation. A pressure type altimeter calibrated in accordance with the Standard Atmosphere, when set to a QFE altimeter setting using this particular pressure value, will indicate the height above the aerodrome environment. | |||
| qnh | ValPressureType | Q Code corresponding to the derived atmospheric pressure at Mean Sea Level, based on the atmospheric pressure at the reference point converted using the characteristics of the ICAO Standard Atmosphere. | |||
| ValPressureType | Cloud | The cloud conditions at the aerodrome. |
AirspaceCondition
Inherits from AviationCondition.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AirspaceCondition | Weather-related observations and forecasts of relevance to an airspace. | ||||
| airspace | Airspace | The airspace which is subject to observation or forecast. |
RouteCondition
Inherits from AviationCondition.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RouteCondition | Weather observations and / or forecasts related to routes. | ||||
| route | Route | The route which is subject to observation or forecast. |
RunwayCondition
Inherits from AviationCondition.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RunwayCondition | |||||
| qfe | Atmospheric pressure at runway threshold elevation. A pressure type altimeter calibrated in accordance with the Standard Atmosphere, when set to a QFE altimeter setting using this particular pressure value, will indicate the height above the touch-down zone of the runway. | ||||
| temperature | The temperature measured by a probe under the runway surface at the touchdown (TDZ) zone. | ||||
| rvr | RunwayVisualRange | The observed or forecast runway visual range. | |||
| runway | Runway | The runway which is subject to observation or forecast. |
Ceiling
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ceiling | Height above the Earth's surface of the base of the lower cloud layer whose amount exceeds a specific value. | ||||
| isVariable | An indicator which denotes a ceiling of less than 3,000 feet, which rapidly increases or decreases in height by established criteria during the period of observation. | ||||
| lowerBoundVariableCeiling | The lowest variable ceiling height evaluated. | ||||
| upperBoundVariableCeiling | The highest variable ceiling height evaluated. |
HorizontalVisibility
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HorizontalVisibility | An aggregation of horizontal visibility conditions typically reported together at an aerodrome, including the prevailing visibility and minimum visibility. | ||||
| isPrevailingVisibilityAbove10000metres | Indication that the prevailing visibility is of at least 10000 meters. | ||||
| isUnidirectionalVisibility | Indication whether the horizontalVisibility is given for a single direction or not. | ||||
| minimumVisibility | Visibility for aeronautical purposes is the greater of: a) the greatest distance at which a black object of suitable dimensions, situated near the ground, can be seen and recognized when observed against a bright background; b) the greatest distance at which lights in the vicinity of 1 000 candelas can be seen and identified against an unlit background. | ||||
| minimumVisibilityDirection | The direction of the minimum visibility relative to the reporting station. | ||||
| prevailingVisibility | The greatest visibility value, observed in accordance with the definition of "visibility", which is reached within at least half the horizon circle or within at least half of the surface of the aerodrome. These areas could comprise contiguous or non-contiguous sectors. |
RunwayVisualRange
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RunwayVisualRange | The range over which the pilot of an aircraft on the centre line of a runway can see the runway surface markings or the lights delineating the runway or identifying its centre line. | ||||
| rvrTendency | When instrumented systems are used for the assessment of runway visual range, the variations in runway visual range during the 10-minute period immediately preceding the observation. | ||||
| rvrValue | Value of the Runway Visual Range. | ||||
| rvrValueInterpretation | The relational operator that can be used for interpreting the RVR value, for instance in order to express a mean RVR of at least 2000 meters (ABOVE 2000 meters). | ||||
| associatedRunwayDirection | RunwayDirection | The runway direction for which the RVR is specified. |
This section of the information definitions covers weather phenomena.
WeatherPhenomenon
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WeatherPhenomenon | WeatherPhenomenon | A meteorological event. Note: This is the root for the various weather phenomena. | |||
| base | ValDistanceType | Altitude of the lowest level of the description of a weather phenomenon. | |||
| intensity | CodeWeatherIntensityType | Severity of a weather phenomenon. | |||
| phenomenonType | CodeWeatherPhenomenonType | Description of the type of a weather phenomenon. Note: The codelist gives phenomena that have no additional properties of their own. | |||
| significantWeatherQualifier | CodeSignificantWeatherQualifierType | A qualifier used in association with a reported significant weather phenomenon. | |||
| top | ValDistanceType | Altitude of the highest level of the description of a weather phenomenon. | |||
| movement | MovementDescription | The movement of the weather phenomenon. | |||
| weatherCondition | WeatherCondition | The observation or forecast of the weather phenomenon. |
MovementDescription
applicability: En-route significant weather only.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MovementDescription | Movement information associated with a phenomenon. | ||||
| directionFrom | The angle from which the meteorological phenomenon is moving. | ||||
| directionTowards | Heading of the movement of a meteorological phenomenon. | ||||
| fromCardinalDirection | The cardinal direction from which the meteorological phenomenon is moving. | ||||
| isStationary | Indication whether a meteorological phenomenon is moving or not. | ||||
| speed | Speed of the movement of the meteorological phenomenon. | ||||
| towardsCardinalDirection | The cardinal direction towards which the meteorological phenomenon is moving. |
Cloud
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cloud | A hydrometeor consisting of minute particles of liquid water or ice, or of both, suspended in the free air and usually not touching the ground. It may also include larger particles of liquid water or ice and non-aqueous liquid or solid particles such as those present in fumes, smoke and dust. | ||||
| cloudAmount | CodeCloudAmountType | Fraction of the sky covered by the clouds of a certain genus, species, variety, layer or combination of clouds. | |||
| cloudType | CodeCloudType | Categorization of the cloud depending on its main characteristics. | |||
| isAmoutAndBaseNotObservable | Boolean | Indication that cumulonimbus clouds or towering cumulus clouds are detected by the automatic observing system but the cloud amount and the height of cloud base cannot be observed. | |||
| isEmbedded | Boolean | Surrounded, or part of a wider cloud layer, in opposition to isolated. | |||
| isNoCloudDetected | Boolean | No clouds are detected by the automatic observing system. | |||
| isNoSignificantCloudDetected | Boolean | No clouds of operational significance are detected by the ceilometer(s) in reports from fully automatic observing systems. | |||
| isObscured | Boolean | Hidden or out of sight by haze, smoke or cloud for example. | |||
| isWidespread | Boolean | Affecting a large area. |
Convection
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Convection | In the atmosphere, convection is the dominant vertical transport process in convective boundary layers, which are common over tropical oceans and, during sunny days, over continents. Moist convection in the atmosphere is characterized by deep, saturated updrafts and downdrafts, and unsaturated downdrafts driven by the evaporation and melting of precipitation. This form of convection is made visible by cumulus clouds and cumulonimbus clouds in the case of precipitation convection. | ||||
Icing
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
applicability: En-route significant weather only.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Icing | Formation of ice, rime, or hoarfrost on an aircraft in flight. | ||||
| accretionRate | Decimal | Ratio of growth of the ice deposit. |
Obscuration
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obscuration | A weather phenomenon which reduces the visibility due to hydrometeor or lithometeor in suspension in the air. | ||||
| type | CodeObscurationType | Type of hydrometeor. |
Precipitation
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Precipitation | Hydrometeor consisting of a fall of an ensemble of particles. The forms of precipitation are: rain, drizzle, snow, snow grains, snow pellets, diamond dust, hail and ice pellets. | ||||
| amount | Integer | Total amount of precipitation measured over a defined period, expressed in mm/hours. | |||
| type | CodePrecipitationType | Description of the precipitation characteristics using a classification. |
TornadicVortex
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TornadicVortex | A violently rotating column of air, usually pendant to a cumulonimbus, with circulation reaching the ground. It nearly always starts as a funnel cloud and may be accompanied by a loud roaring noise. | ||||
| isFunnelCloud | Boolean | Indicates a violent, rotating column of air, which does not touch the surface, usually appended to a cumulonimbus cloud. | |||
| isTornado | Boolean | Indicates a violent, rotating column of air touching the ground. It forms a pendant, usually from a cumulonimbus cloud, nearly always starts as a funnel cloud, and is accompanied by a loud roaring noise. | |||
| isWaterspout | Boolean | Indicates a violent, rotating column of air that forms over a body of water, and touches the water surface; tornado or funnel cloud that touches a body of water. |
TropicalCyclone
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
applicability: En-route significant weather only.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TropicalCyclone | Cyclone of tropical origin of small diameter (some hundreds of kilometres) with minimum surface pressure in some cases less than 900 hPa, very violent winds and torrential rain; sometimes accompanied by thunderstorms. It usually contains a central region, known as the "eye" of the storm, with a diameter of the order of some tens of kilometres, and with light winds and more or less lightly clouded sky. | ||||
| centralPressure | ValPressureType | Pressure at the centre of the cyclone. | |||
| maxSurfaceWindSpeed | ValSpeedType | Maximum surface wind speed of a tropical cyclone. | |||
| name | CharacterString | Name of the tropical cyclone. |
Turbulence
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
applicability: En-route significant weather only.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Turbulence | Atmospheric flow regime characterized by chaotic and stochastic property changes. This includes low momentum diffusion, high momentum convection, and rapid variation of pressure and velocity in space and time. | ||||
| edr | Decimal | Eddy dissipation rate, characterization of atmospheric turbulence. | |||
| turbulenceType | CodeTurbulenceType | The type of turbulence. |
VolcanicActivity
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VolcanicActivity | Volcanic unrest or eruption. | ||||
| isErupting | Indication wether a volcano is erupting or not. | ||||
| ashCloud | VolcanicAshCloud | The volcanic ash cloud generated by the volcanic activity. |
VolcanicAshCloud
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| VolcanicAshCloud | Ash contaminated atmospheric volume. | ||||
| ashConcentration | ValConcentrationType | Mass concentration of ash in an ash cloud expressed in mass unit per volume unit. | |||
| volcanicActivity | VolcanicActivity | The volcanic activity at the origin of the volcanic ash cloud. |
WeatherLayer
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WeatherLayer | An array of clouds and/or obscurations whose bases are at approximately the same level. | ||||
| obscuration | Obscuration | An obscuration forming part of the weather layer. | |||
| cloud | Cloud | A cloud forming part of the weather layer. |
Wind
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wind | Air motion relative to the Earth's surface. Unless otherwise specified, only the horizontal component is considered. | ||||
| crosswind | ValSpeedType | A wind blowing perpendicularly to one's direction of travel or orientation. | |||
| extremeClockwiseWindDirection | Angle | The extreme clockwise direction from which the wind is blowing, inclusive. | |||
| extremeCounterClockwiseWindDirection | Angle | The extreme counter-clockwise direction from which the wind is blowing, inclusive. | |||
| headwind | ValSpeedType | A wind blowing from directly in front, opposing forward motion or orientation. | |||
| isCalm | Boolean | Indication that the wind is forecast to be less than 0.5 m/s (1 kt). | |||
| isVariable | Boolean | Indication that the direction of the wind changes frequently. According to Annex 3 the wind is reported as variable (VRB) in local routine or special reports, in METAR and SPECI, when one of the following situations occur: - when the total variation is 60 or more and less than 180 and the wind speed is less than 1.5 m/s (3 kt), the wind direction shall be reported as variable with no mean wind direction; or - when the total variation is 180 or more, the wind direction shall be reported as variable with no mean wind direction. | |||
| maxWindSpeed | ValSpeedType | The maximum speed of the wind. | |||
| minWindSpeed | ValSpeedType | The minimum speed of the wind. | |||
| verticalWindGust | ValSpeedType | Component wind gust in the upward or downward direction. | |||
| windDirection | Angle | Direction from which wind is blowing. | |||
| windGust | ValSpeedType | Variation from the mean surface wind speed as defined by ICAO Annex 3. | |||
| windSpeed | ValSpeedType | The speed of the wind. |
WindShear
Inherits from WeatherPhenomenon.
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WindShear | Local variation of the wind vector or any of its components in a given direction. | ||||
| level | ValDistanceType | Altitude expressed as a vertical distance where the wind shear occurs. |
Still more to do....
+ ice crystals
start template
| feature | attribute | type, multiplicity | identifier | definition | semantic correspondence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
end template
simple types
CodeSignificantWeatherQualifierType
| codelist | value | identifier | definition |
|---|---|---|---|
CodeSignificantWeatherQualifierType | Qualifiers used in association with a reported significant weather phenomenon. | ||
| CodeSignificantWeatherQualifierType | BLOWING | Raised by the wind to a moderate height above the ground (2 meters or more). | |
| CodeSignificantWeatherQualifierType | FREEZING | Precipitation freezing on impact on the ground and on exposed objects. | |
| CodeSignificantWeatherQualifierType | LOW_DRIFTING | In motion due to the action of wind or raised by the wind to a small height above the ground (less than 2 meters). | |
| PARTIAL | Covering part of the aerodrome. | ||
| PATCHES | Occurrences over small areas. | ||
| PROXIMITY | The weather phenomenon is observed between approximately 8 km and 16 km from the aerodrome reference point. | ||
| SHALLOW | Has a very little vertical extent. | ||
| SHOWER | Precipitation, often short-lived and heavy, falling from convective clouds. A shower is characterized by its sudden beginning and ending, and generally by large and rapid changes of intensity. | ||
| THUNDERSTORM | Sudden electrical discharges manifested by a flash of light (lightning) and a sharp or rumbling sound (thunder). Thunderstorms are associated with convective clouds (Cumulonimbus) and are, more often, accompanied by precipitation in the form of rainshowers or hail, or occasionally snow, snow pellets, or ice pellets. |
Sources
- Annex 3
- List of information exchange requirements on Meteorological SWIM Services Portfolio
other inspiration
- Instance of the phenomenon as a polygon (see latest IWXXM)
- see cross-border convection forecast service (email sent with link): https://production.eufocs.dwd-cloud.de/view/ and eGAFOR: https://viewer.egafor.eu/egafor-viewer/
- LLSWCs (Low Level Significant Weather Charts) which are available for several areas in the EU.