ICAO Annex 15 Obligations

This section details the analysis of the metadata obligations of ICAO Annex 15. Analysis shows different concerns addressed by the obligations. These are:

Obligations concerning data collection
Obligations concerning the verification of data collected
Obligations concerning the metadata to be provided
Other obligations
Obligations on the standards to be used for describing metadata

The following tables group the obligations according to these concerns. Emphasis is added to make clear the issues to be addressed by the obligation. Note that some obligations are repeated as they apply to different concerns.

Obligations for data collection

Identifier	Text	Source
4.2.1	Metadata shall be collected for aeronautical data processes and exchange points.	ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
4.2.2	Metadata collection shall be applied throughout the aeronautical information data chain, from origination to distribution to the next intended user. Note. — Detailed specifications concerning metadata are contained in the PANS-AIM (Doc 10066).	ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
1.2.3.2	When a different temporal reference system is used for some applications, the feature catalogue, or the metadata associated with an application schema or a data set, as appropriate, shall include either a description of that system or a citation for a document that describes that temporal reference system. Note.— ISO Standard 19108, Annex D, describes some aspects of calendars that may have to be considered in such a description.*	ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
4.2	The metadata to be collected shall include, as a minimum: a) the name of the organizations or entities performing any action of originating, transmitting or manipulating the data; b) the action performed; and c) the date and time the action was performed. Note.— ISO Standard 19115 specifies requirements for geographic information metadata.	PANS-AIM – First Edition
2.1.1.2	A record of data originators should be maintained. Note.— Metadata requirements in Chapter 4 specify which information is to be recorded for each originator.	PANS-AIM – First Edition

Obligations for verification of data collected

Identifier

Text

Source

2.1.2.1

Collected data shall be verified and validated for compliance with data quality requirements.

Note 1.— Appendix 1 contains aeronautical data attributes and quality requirements (accuracy, resolution and integrity).
Note 2.— Guidance material on the aeronautical data quality requirements (accuracy, resolution, integrity and traceability and protection requirements) may be found in the World Geodetic System — 1984 (WGS-84) Manual (Doc 9674).
Note 3.— Supporting data quality material in respect of data accuracy, publication resolution, and integrity of aeronautical data, together with guidance material in respect to the rounding convention for aeronautical data, is contained in Radio Technical Commission for Aeronautics (RTCA) Document DO-201A/European Organization for Civil Aviation Equipment (EUROCAE) Document ED-77 —Standards for Aeronautical Information (or equivalent).

Note 4.— Guidance material on the management of aeronautical data quality is included in the Manual on the
Quality Management System for Aeronautical Information Management (Doc 9839).
Note 5.— Verification activities may include:
a) comparison processes in which data and information are compared with an independent source;
b) feedback processes in which data and information are compared between their input and output state;
c) processing through multiple independent and different systems, comparing the output of each; this includes performing alternative calculations; and
d) processes in which data and information are compared to the originator’s request.
Note 6.— Validation activities may include:
a) application processes in which data and information are tested;
b) processes in which data and information are compared between two different outputs; and
c) processes in which data and information are compared to an expected range, value or other business rules.

PANS-AIM – First Edition

Obligations for data provision

Identifier	Text	Source
5.3.1.2	Each data set shall be provided to the next intended user together with at least the minimum set of metadata that ensures traceability. Note.— Detailed specifications concerning metadata are contained in the PANS-AIM (Doc 10066).	ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
1.2.3.2	When a different temporal reference system is used for some applications, the feature catalogue, or the metadata associated with an application schema or a data set, as appropriate, shall include either a description of that system or a citation for a document that describes that temporal reference system. Note.— ISO Standard 19108, Annex D, describes some aspects of calendars that may have to be considered in such a description.*	ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
5.3.2	Each data set shall include the following minimum set of metadata: a) the name of the organizations or entities providing the data set; b) the date and time when the data set was provided; c) period of validity of the data set; and d) any limitations with regard to the use of the data set. Note.— ISO Standard 19115 specifies requirements for geographic information metadata.	PANS-AIM – First Edition

Other obligations

Identifier	Text	Source
3.6.5	Each quality management system shall include the necessary policies, processes and procedures, including those for the use of metadata, to ensure and verify that aeronautical data is traceable throughout the aeronautical information data chain so as to allow any data anomalies or errors detected in use to be identified by root cause, corrected and communicated to affected users.	ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
5.3.1.2	A description of available digital data sets shall be provided in the form of data product specifications on which basis air navigation users will be able to evaluate the products and determine whether they fulfil the requirements for their intended use (application). Note.— ISO Standard 19131 outlines the specifications for geographic data products. This may include an overview, specification scope, data product identification, data content and structure, reference system, data quality, data capture, data maintenance, data portrayal, data product delivery, additional information and metadata.	PANS-AIM – First Edition
5.3.1.5	The aeronautical information model used should: … c) include provisions for metadata as specified in 4.2 and 5.3.2; and …	PANS-AIM – First Edition

Obligation on the standards to use

Identifier

Text

Source

5.3.1.1

To facilitate and support the use of exchange of digital data sets between data providers and data users, the ISO 19100 series of standards for geographic information should be used as a reference framework.

Note.— Guidance material concerning the use of the ISO 19100 series of standards is contained in Doc 8126.

PANS-AIM – First Edition

Other Metadata Requirements Analysis

This section lists a number of other requirements which were considered in addition to those found in Annex 15. They were collected from the AIM community.

Identifier	Text	Source
DP1	In order to ensure data protection, the metadata exchanged should not allow for an individual to be identified. The preference is therefore to exchange organisation and role names. Note: This was reflected in the implementing instructions for Requirement 1.	AIM community
IR1	(Rule)The start of validity of a data set shall be clearly indicated through metadata. Note: This was captured in Requirement 3.	AIXM interoperability rules
IR2	(Rule) An AIP Data Set that includes changes under the AIRAC system shall be clearly identified through the use of the acronym "AIRAC" in the metadata. Note: This was captured in Requirement 4. Note: Justification for this requirement comes from various parts of ICAO Annex 15: 5.3.2.1 Recommendation.— An AIP data set should be provided covering the extent of information as provided in the AIP. 6.2.1 Information concerning the following circumstances shall be distributed under the regulated system (AIRAC) <...> 6.3.1.1 AIP shall be amended or reissued at such regular intervals as may be necessary to keep them up to date. 6.3.3.1 Data sets shall be amended or reissued at such regular intervals as may be necessary to keep them up to date. 6.3.3.5 Updates to AIP, AIP data sets and Instrument Flight Procedures data sets shall be synchronised.	AIXM interoperability rules and ICAO Annex 15 – Sixteenth Edition
FR1	The metadata should include statement on the accuracy, resolution and integrity of the data. Note: After analysis it was decided not to include requirements for the provision of the metadata with regards to the accuracy, resolution and integrity of the data. The measurement of these is part of the "verification of data collected" and is not metadata to be included at the dataset level. However, there is a requirement to provide the data integrity assurance level for ICAO obstacle datasets.	AIM community (taken from the PowerPoint which introduced the need for metadata)

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